@article {33463, title = {Resource competition assays between the African big-headed ant, Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius) and the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr): mechanisms of inter-specific displacement}, journal = {Ecological Entomology}, year = {2014}, month = {Jan-05-2014}, pages = {n/a - n/a}, abstract = {

1. The spread of Argentine ants,\ Linepithema humile\ (Mayr), in introduced areas is mainly through the displacement of native ant species owing to high inter-specific competition. In South Africa,\ L. humile\ has not established in the climatically suitable eastern and northern escarpments dominated by the African big headed ant,\ Pheidole megacephala\ (Fabricius), probably owing to local biotic resistance.

2. Inter-specific aggression, at the individual and colony level, and competition for a shared resource were evaluated in the laboratory.

3. Aggression between the two ant species was very high in all of the assays. Both species suffered similar mortality rates during one-on-one aggression assays, however, during symmetrical group confrontations,\ L. humile\ workers showed significantly higher mortality rates than\ P. megacephala\ workers. During asymmetrical group confrontations both species killed more of the other ant species when they had numeric advantage. Both ant species located the shared resource at the same time; however, once\ P. megacephala\ discovered the bait, they displaced\ L. humile\ from the bait through high inter-specific aggression, thereafter dominating the bait for the remainder of the trial.

4. The results demonstrate the potential of\ P. megacephala\ to prevent the establishment and survival of incipient\ L. humile\ colonies through enhanced resource competition and high inter-specific aggression. This is the first study to indicate potential biotic resistance to the spread of\ L. humile\ in South Africa.

}, keywords = {Argentine ant, big-headed ant, Biotic resistance, foraging efficiency, inter-specific competition, Linepithema humile, Pheidole megacephala}, doi = {10.1111/een.12126}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/een.12126}, author = {Mothapo, Natasha P and Wossler, Theresa C} }