01474nas a2200145   4500008004100000245009700041210006900138260002100207300001200228490000700240520092300247100002001170700001401190856012401204       2009                        eng d00aMale fighting and "territoriality" within colonies of the ant <i>Cardiocondyla venustula</i>0 aMale fighting and territoriality within colonies of the ant iCar  cJanuary, Publish  a159-1630 v963 a*[The ant genus Cardiocondyla is characterized by a bizarre male polymorphism with wingless fighter males & winged disperser males.  Winged males have been lost convergently in several clades, & in at least one of them, wingless males have evolved mutual tolerance.  To better understand the evolutionary pathways of reproductive tactics, we investigated Cardiocondyla venustula, a species, which in a phylogenetic analysis clusters with species with fighting & species with mutually tolerant, wingless males.  Wingless males of C. venustula use their strong mandibles to kill freshly eclosed rival males & also engage in short fights with other adult males, but in addition show a novel behavior hitherto not reported from social insect males: they spread out in the natal nest & defend territories against other males.  Ant males therefore show a much larger variety of reproductive tactics than previously assumed.]1 aFrohschammer, S1 aHeinze, J  uhttps://antkey.myspecies.info/th/content/male-fighting-and-territoriality-within-colonies-ant-icardiocondyla-venustulai