@article {33437,
	title = {Biotic and abiotic controls of Argentine ant invasion success at local and landscape scales},
	journal = {Ecology},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Part of FORMIS 08; from NAL{\textquoteright}s AGRICOLA; from-DPW, },
	month = {Dec. 2007},
	pages = {3164-3173},
	abstract = {*[In southern California, a factorial field experiment combining native ant removal with irrigation, revealed that Argentine ants failed to invade any dry plots, even those lacking native ants, but readily invaded all moist plots.  Native ants slowed the spread of Argentine ants into irrigated plots, but did not prevent invasion.  In areas without Argentine ants, native ant species showed variable responses to irrigation.  At the landscape scale, Argentine ant occurrence was positively correlated with minimum winter temperature, but not precipitation.  Native ant diversity increased with precipitation \& was negatively correlated with minimum winter temperature.  These results demonstrate that fine-scale differences in the physical environment can eclipse biotic resistance from native  competitors in determining community susceptibility to invasion.  Also, the results illustrate surprising complexities with respect to how the abiotic factors limiting invasion can change with spatial scale.  Native \& invasive species can differ in their responses to the physical environment.]},
	author = {Menke, S.B. and Fisher, R.N. and Jetz, W. and Holway, D.A.}
}
@article {27873,
	title = {The causes and consequences of ant invasions},
	journal = {Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Part of FORMIS 04; from NAL{\textquoteright}S AGRICOLA; from-DPW, },
	month = {Volume publicati},
	pages = {181-233},
	abstract = {*[Invasions by non-native ants are an ecologically destructive phenomenon affecting both continental \& island ecosystems throughout the world.  Invasive ants often become highly abundant intheir invaded range and can outnumber native ants.  These numerical disparities underlie the competitive asymmetry between invasive ants and native ants, and result from a complex interplay of behavioral, ecological, \& genetic factors.  Reductions in the diversity \& abundance of native ants resulting from ant invasions give rise to a variety of direct and indirect effects on non-ant taxa.  Invasive ants compete with and prey upon a diversity of other organisms, including some vertebrates, and may enter into or disrupt mutualistic interactions with numerous plants and other insects.  Paratrechina longicornis is labeled as an African species.]},
	author = {Holway, D.A. and Lach, L. and Suarez, A.V. and Ysutsui, N.D. and Case, T.J.}
}
@article {27881,
	title = {The role of opportunity in the unintentional introduction of nonnative ants},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {102},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Part of FORMIS 06; from NAL{\textquoteright}S AGRICOLA; Part of the Leaf-Cutting Ant bibliography; from-DPW, },
	month = {Nov. 22; Epub 20},
	pages = {cover,17032-17035},
	abstract = {*[A longstanding goal in the study of biological invasions is to predict why some species are successful invaders, whereas others are not.  To understand this process, detailed information is required concerning the pool of species that have the opportunity to become established.  Here we develop an extensive database of ant species unintentionally transported to the continental United States and use these data to test how opportunity and species-level ecological attributes affect the probability of establishment.  This database includes an amount of information on failed introductions that may be unparalleled for any group of unintentionally introduced insects.  We found a high diversity of species, 232 species from 394 records, 12\% of which have become established in the continental United States.  The probability of establishment increased with the number of times a species was transported, propagule pressure, but was also influenced by nesting habit.  Ground nesting species were more likely to become established compared with arboreal species.]},
	author = {Suarez, A.V. and Holway, D.A. and Ward, P.S.}
}
@article {3834,
	title = {Patterns of spread in biological invasions dominated by long-distance jump dispersal: insights from Argentine ants},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {98},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Part of FORMIS 01; from NAL{\textquoteright}S AGRICOLA; from-DPW, },
	month = {Jan 30, 2001},
	pages = {1095-1100},
	abstract = {*[Invading organisms may spread through local movements giving rise to a diffusion-like process and by long-distance jumps, which are often human-mediated.  Using a combination of literature review, museum records, and personal surveys, we reconstruct the invasion history of the Linepithema humile, a widespread invasive species, at 3 spatial scales. Although the inherent dispersal abilities of Argentine ants are limited, in the last century, human-mediated dispersal has resulted in the establishment of this species on 6 continents and on many oceanic islands.  Human-mediated jump-dispersal has also been the primary mode of spread at a continental scale within the USA.  The spread of the Argentine ant involves 2 discrete modes.  Maximum distances spread by colonies undergoing budding reproduction averaged 150-m/year, whereas annual jump-dispersal distances averaged 3 orders of magnitude higher.  Invasions that involve multiple dispersal processes, such as those documented here, are undoubtedly common.]},
	author = {Suarez, A.V. and Holway, D.A. and Case, T.J.}
}
