Odontomachus simillimus Smith, F. 1858

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11. Odontomachus simillimus HNS . Pl. V. figs. 8, 9. B.M.

Female. Length 4 1/2 lines.-Resembling O. haematodes, with the following differences: the mandibles more distinctly serrated, the sulcations on the sides of the face anteriorly, not so deeply impressed, or so smooth and shining, they also terminate before reaching the ocelli; the line running from the ocelli to the posterior margin of the vertex is not so deeply impressed; the most striking difference is to be found in the neuration of the wings; the discoidal cell is of a somewhat different form, and the externo-medial nervure is straight, and unites with the transverso-medial nervure at the basal angle of the discoidal cell; in other respects it scarcely differs from O. haematodes.

Hab. Fidjee Islands; Ceylon.

The difference pointed out in the neuration of the wings would appear to indicate a generic distinction; but an examination of a number of winged females shows a frequent approach to the neuration of the present species, and in specimens of the male of haematodes, taken with the female from the same nest, by Mr. Bates, the neuration is found to be identical with that of O. simillimus HNS ; in the British Museum are two specimens from Ceylon which appear to be identical with the present species.

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Odontomachus simillimus Smith HNS , 1858 (Figs. 43 - 45, 47)

Odontomachus simillimus Smith HNS , 1858 (description of gyne; type locality: Fiji, also recorded from Sri Lanka).

Odontomachus simillimus HNS : Wilson 1959: 499 and Brown 1976: 165-166 (synonymies). Odontomachus haematoda HNS (misidentifications, nec hae- matoda Linnaeus, 1758 from Neotropis, see Wilson (1959) and Brown (1976)): Emery 1893: 262 (distribu- tion: Manila); Wheeler & Chapman 1925: 71 (distri- bution: Los Baños , Laguna; Manila; Romblon; Port Ca- taingan, Masbate; Dumaguete, Negros); Wheeler 1929: 37 (distribution: Los Baños , Laguna); Chapman & Cap- co 1951: 43 (partim, general distribution); Baltazar 1966: 239 (distribution: Luzon; Laguna, Manila; Masbate, Negros Oriental, Romblon).

Material from the Philippines examined (183 workers, 15 gynes; CSW, CZW, FMNH, NHMW, UPLB, USC, ZMUC): Luzon: L a g u n a: Los Baños , Mt. Makiling, 13.-18.XI.1992, leg. H. Zettel (1), 1 ∑. Los Baños , Mt. Makiling, 300 - 500 m, 8.-9.II.1996, leg. H. Zettel (74), 1 ∑. Los Baños , UPLB campus, 14.II.1999, leg. S. Schödl (3), 1 ∑. Los Baños , Mt. Makiling, UPLB - Mud Spring, 18.XI. 1999, leg. H. Zettel (207), 1 ∑. Los Baños , Mt. Makiling, Flat Stones ["Rocks"], 14.II.1999, leg. S. Schödl (4), 3 ∑∑, 11.II.2002, leg. H. Zettel (308), 1 ∑. C a m a r i n es N o r t e: Labo, Tulay na Lupa, Mt. Labo - Mt. Bayabas area, 17.-18. III.2004, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (382), 1 ∑. Daet, Bicol NP, Nalisan, 26.II.2004, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (376), 1 ∑. Camarines Sur: Lupi, Alanao, Bahi River, 14.XI.1999, leg. H. Zettel (205), 16∑∑, 3.III.

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Figs . 43 - 45: Odontomachus HNS si- millimus: (43) head, full face view; (44) habitus, lateral view and (45) dorsal view. Scales = 1 mm.

1999, leg. H. Zettel (191), 2 ∑∑. Lupi, N Sipocot, Sooc, XII.1999-I.2000, leg. S. V. Zettel (5), 1 ∑, 10.-12.III.2000, various collectors (246), 2 ∑∑, 1.-9.IV.2000, various collec- tors (252), 1 ♀, 10 ∑∑, 10.-21.IV.2000, various collectors (256), 1 ♀, 22.-29.IV.2000, various collectors (258), 29.II. 2004, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P47), 2 ∑∑, 18.-23.II.2004, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (374), 1 ∑, 31.III.2004, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P68), 1 ∑, 1 ♀. Lupi, Sooc, Loo- ban, 15.III.2004, leg. H. Zettel (381), 1 ∑. Lupi, Sooc, Bi- col NP, 100 m, 22.II.2008, leg. H. Zettel (508), 1 ∑. 20 km E Naga, 3 km E Carolina, Mainit Spring ("Hydro"), 4.III. 1999, leg. H. Zettel (193), 1 ♀. A l b a y: 40 km N Le- gaspi, 1 km W Malilipot, Busai Falls, 23.II.1998, leg. H. Zettel (143), 1 ∑. NE Legaspi, St. Domingo, Reyes, 20.III. 1998, leg. H. Zettel (163), 1 ∑. S o r s o g o n: NE Irosin, N San Roque, Lake Bulusan, 630 m, 26.II.1998, leg. H. Zet- tel (146), 1 ∑. Catanduanes: S of Summit, N Narsari, 9.III. 1999, at small creek, leg. H. Zettel (198), 1 ∑. E San An- dres, 11.-12.III.1999, leg. H. Zettel (200), 1 ♀, 12.III.1999, leg. F. Seyfert (26), 1 ∑. (R o m b l o n P r o v.:) Sibuyan: E Magdiwang, W Silum, Lambigan Falls, 21.XI.1994, leg. H. Zettel (69), 2 ∑∑. (R o m b l o n P r o v.:) Tablas: San Agustin, Dubduban, Busai Falls, 23.-25.XI.1994, leg. H. Zettel (70), 8 ∑∑. Mindoro: M i n d o r o O r i e n t a l: Puerto Galera, S Big La Laguna, 25.XI.1993, leg. H. Zettel (33), 1 ∑. S Puerto Galera, Big Tabinay River, 27.XI.1993, leg. H. Zettel (36), 1 ∑. Baco, Hidden Paradise, 19.-20.XI. 1993, leg. H. Zettel (27), 1 ∑. Cebu: Cebu City, Talamban, University of San Carlos campus, 12.-16.XI.2003, leg. C. V. Pangantihon, 2 ∑∑, 19.IV.2004, leg. C. V. Pangantihon, 3 ∑∑. Talamban, University of San Carlos campus, dormito- ry, 22.V.2005, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P154), 1 ♀. W Cebu City, Minglanilla, Camp 7, near creek and waterfall, 16.XI. 2003, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (358), 2 ∑∑. S Ba- dian, Matutinao, Kawasan Falls, 2-50 m, 23.-24.II.1997, leg. H. Zettel (116), 6 ∑∑. Malapuyug, Monteneza, 0 - 10 m, 13.XI.2003, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P353), 2 ∑∑. (C e b u P r o v.:) Bantayan: Atop-Atop, N Santa Fe, coast, 18. X.2004, leg. C.V. Pangantihon (P388), 1 ∑. Siquijor: Lazi, Po-o River, 1.III.1997, leg. H. Zettel (121), 2 ∑∑. Lazi, Po-o River, near Cambugahay Falls, 22.X.2004, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P392), 2 ∑∑. Bandila-an NP, Lodge - Little Waterfall, 23.X.2004, leg. C. V. Pangantihon (P395), 2 ∑∑. Samar: W e s t e r n S a m a r: E Basey, Sohoton Nati- onal Park, at Sohoton River, 29.1.2000, leg. S. Schödl (2), 1 ∑. Leyte: L e y t e P r o v.: N Tacloban, Babatngon, Busay Falls, 28.I.2000, leg. S. Schödl (1), 9 ∑∑, leg. H. Zet- tel (220), 1 ∑. Baybay, ViSCA, along coast line, 12.II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (15), 4 ∑∑. Baybay, ViSCA campus, Mt. Pa- ngasugan, 100 m, secondary forest, 31.I.2000, leg. S. Schödl (4), 1 ∑. Baybay, ViSCA, Mt. Pangasugan, above Forestry Department, 250 m, 11.II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (14), 2 ♀♀, 2 ∑∑. Baybay, Mt. Pangasugan, along Lago-Lago River, 50 - 250 m, secondary forest, 1.II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (5), 2 ∑∑, 1 ♀. Baybay, Mt. Pangasugan, Calbiga-a River, 50 - 200 m, 12.II.2000, leg. H. Zettel (236), 1 ∑, 50 - 100 m,

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Fig . 46: Map of the Philippines with distribution of Odon- tomachus infandus HNS (blue), O. philippinus HNS (yellow), O. alius HNS sp.n. (green), O. scifictus HNS sp.n. (red), O. sp. 1 (violet), and O. sp. 2 (pink).

20.-21.III.2005, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (422), 1 ∑. S o u t h e r n L e y t e: San José , 14.I.1945, leg. E. Ray (90) (Chicago-NHM), 1 ∑. N Maasin, at small stream E Lonoy, 20.XI.2003, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (362), 3 ♀♀. Ibarra, Divisoria, near small creek, 21.XI. 2003, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (363), 1 ∑. Cami- guin: W Mambajao, Katibawasan spring area, 350 - 400 m, 13. and 15.III.2010, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (515), 1 ∑. W Mambajao, Benon, between Saran and Kam- panan, 500 - 800 m, 16. and 18.III.2010, leg. H. Zettel & C. V. Pangantihon (516), 1 ∑. (S u r i g a o d e l N o r t e P r o v.:) Dinagat: 6.8 km along round north of Dinagat proper, Busay, 3.II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (6), 7 ∑∑. (S u r i - g a o d e l N o r t e:) Bayagnan: southwest coast, 7. II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (10), 22 ∑∑. (S u r i g a o d e l N o r t e:) Hikdop: south and southwest coast, 5.II.2000, leg. S. Schödl (8), 23 ∑∑, leg. H. Zettel (227), 2 ∑∑. Min- danao: S u r i g a o d e l S u r: Tandag, San Antonio, 25. X.2010, leg. C.V. Pangantihon (P366), 1 ∑. Tawi-Tawi: Bongao, Lapid Lapid, at Manalik Channel, 20.XI.1961, Noona Dan Expedition, 4 ∑∑. (P a l a w a n P r o v.) Busuanga: 5 km NW Coron, Mabentangen Forest Re- serve, 1.-7.II.1999, leg. H. Zettel (170), 7 ∑∑. Palawan: Brooke's Point, Uring-Uring, 25.VIII.1961, Noona Dan Ex- pedition, 3 ∑∑, 1 ♀. Mantalingajan Range, Mt. Balabag, 2800 ft (= ca. 850 m a.s.l.), 4.V.1947, leg. F.G. Werner, Chicago-NHM - Philippine Zoological expedition 1946- 47, 1 ∑. (Palawan Prov.:) Balabac: Dalawan Bay, 10. and 12.X.1961, Noona Dan Expedition, 2 ♀♀.

Fig. 47: Map of the Philippines with distribution of Odon- tomachus schoedli HNS sp.n. (violet), O. banksi HNS (yellow), O. rixosus HNS (green), O. malignus HNS (blue), and O. simillimus HNS (red).

Material from other countries examined: 175 wor- kers and 6 gynes (CZW, NHMW) from Sri Lanka, India (Nicobar Isl.), Malaysia (Peninsular), Indonesia (Nias, Su- lawesi, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea, Samoa, and New Caledonia.

Description of worker: Measurements: worker with smallest HW: CI 83, HL 1.97, HW 1.63, MdI 53, MdL 1.05, MsL 2.43, SI 108, SL 1.77, PnW 0.87, PtH 0.75, PtL 0.64, PtW 0.38, TL 7.63; worker with largest HW: CI 82, HL 2.52, HW 2.07, MdI 53, MdL 1.33, MsL 2.93, PnW 1.13, PtH 0.89, PtL 0.99, PtW 0.52, SI 106, SL 2.20, TL 11.06.

Structures: Mandibles short and stout, with very fine denticles, sometimes completely edentate but always with three apical teeth (intercalary tooth slightly shorter than apical and subapical teeth). Apex of mandibles with some setae. Mandibles mostly smooth, some fine ridges / striae may occur, with fine white pubescence, hair pits distinct. Head in dorsal view rectangular, longer than wide, broad- est at level of eyes which do not surpass outline of head. Dorsum of head striate, striation almost reaching nuchal carina (at dorsal margin, area of about the width of the scape, smooth). Eyes located dorsolaterally in first third of head. Mesosoma elongate in dorsal view, broadest at level of pronotum. Pronotum with round striation, often slightly oval or longitudinal in centre, but some entire circles al- ways visible in dorsal view. Mesonotum and propodeum with transverse striation (slightly coarser on propodeum). Mesopleuron smooth in centre, some striation at margins. Metanotal spiracle inconspicuous, situated dorsolaterally. Petiole short and straight, conspicuously "tear-shaped" in

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frontal view, broad with short petiolar spine, posteriorly flat with transverse striation. Gaster rounded to oval; an- terior part of first tergite evenly convex in lateral aspect, without impression; first tergite smooth, second with some reticulation, at least anteriorly.

Pilosity: Fine white semi-appressed pubescence on en- tire body, very dense on appendages including petiole, on mesosoma, head and gaster distance between hairs approxi- mately their length. Few standing setae on pronotum, sev- eral standing hairs on gaster increasing in length towards apex of abdomen. Some isolated hairs on head venter and one pair of standing setae on head dorsum.

Colour: Body, including all appendages, dark brown (al- most black in some specimens).

Description of gyne: Measurements: gyne with smal- lest HW: CI 87, HL 2.27, HW 1.97, MdI 57, MdL 1.30, MsL 2.93, PnW 1.60, PtH 1.00, PtL 0.78, PtW 0.49, SI 107, SL 2.10, TL 9.88; gyne with largest HW: CI 85, HL 2.47, HW 2.10, MdI 54, MdL 1.33, MsL 3.13, PnW 1.65, PtH 1.02, PtL 0.88, PtW 0.61, SI 104, SL 2.18, TL 10.31.

Structures: Differs only in the following characters: pro- notum with transverse striation, mesonotum with longitudi- nal striation, scutellum shiny, sexual female morph-speci- fic characters (wing insertions, mesosoma and gaster big- ger).

Notes: Odontomachus simillimus HNS can be easily recog- nised even in the field by small size, dark colour, propor- tionally large head and short scape. In the Philippines, there is no other species with a short, truncate subapical tooth of the mandible (Fig. 43), and none with fine reticulation on visible part of gaster tergite 2 (but note that the anterior part of tergite 2 which is usually covered by tergite 1 is also reticulate in other species).

Odontomachus simillimus HNS is surprisingly uniform over its large distribution area. It is distinguished from the sec- ond Old World species, O. troglodytes HNS from Africa, Ma- dagascar, and the Seychelles, by its smooth gaster tergite 1.

Distribution (Philippines: Fig. 47): Widely distributed from India to Polynesia (Wilson 1959, Brown 1976), "un- doubtedly many of the island records represent accidental introductions by man" (Brown 1976: 87). No distribution limit in the Philippines; records from 21 islands (19 in this study).

Habitats: Odontomachus simillimus HNS is a common spe- cies which also can be found in open or moderately to strongly disturbed habitats, like coastal areas, coconut groves, villages, and even lawns on university campuses. It usually does not enter dense forests, but can be occa- sionally found on banks of stream running through forests. According to collections by Chapman in eastern Negros, the species can be found from sea level up to an elevation of 900 m (Wheeler & Chapman 1925).

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权利人/作者No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Odontomachus simillimus Smith HNS :

Figures: worker 12a,b, 13b; queen 12c,d; male 12e,f;

Type material:

Odontomachus simillimus Smith HNS , 1858 : 80 [ 31 ] . Type locality: Fiji Islands [not examined]. Junior synonym of haematodus HNS by Roger, 1861 : 24 [ 26 ] ; revived from synonymy by Wilson, 1959 : 499 [ 32 ] .

Odontomachus haematoda var. breviceps, Crawley HNS , 1915 : 239 [ 33 ]. Type locality: Christmas Island , Australia ( BMNH ) [not examined]. Synonymized with simillimus HNS by Brown, 1976: 106 [ 1 ].

Odontomachus haematodes var. fuscipennis Forel HNS 1913 : 19 [ 34 ] .Type locality: Peradeniya, Sri Lanka (MNHB?) [not examined]. Synonymized with simillimus HNS by Wilson, 1959 : 499 [ 32 ] .

Ponera pallidicornis Smith HNS , F. 1860 : 73 [ 35 ] . Type locality: Makassar , Celebes ( BMNH ) [not examined] . Synonymized with simillimus HNS by Brown, 1976 : 106 [ 1 ] .

Worker measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 10 from Madagascar: HL 2.33-2.63, HW (across vertex) 1.64- 2.03, HW (across upper eye margin) 1.77-2.06, CI 75-81, EL 0.20-0.23, ML 1.14-1.28, MI 48-51, SL 2.16-2.43, SI 109-123, WL 2.62-3.06. FL 2.29-2.56, PW 1.02-1.24.

Queen measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 5 from Madagascar: HL 2.37-2.55, HW (across vertex) 1.79- 2.03, HW (across upper eye margin) 1.87-2.13, CI 79-84, EL 0.49-0.53, ML 1.17-1.30, MI 49-52, SL 2.15-2.38, SI 111-118, WL 3.13-3.19. FL 2.36-2.58.

Male measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 1 from Madagascar: HL 0.89, HW 1.19, CI 133, EL 0.59, SL 0.19, SI 16, WL 2.44. FL 1.73.

Worker diagnosis: Workers and males are very similar in morphology and size to troglodytes HNS Bivariate plots of metric measurements did not distinguish the two species. Workers and queen have fine, glossy dorsal striation on head and mesosoma. Metasternal process low and rounded (Fig. 13b). Metasternal process can be viewed in mounted specimens by removing a hind leg and coxa. Brown [ 1 ] provides a description and additional references.

Distribution and biology. Known though most of the literature as "O. haematodes" (Linnaeus) 1758 which is a different species. Forel's [ 25 :159] record of "O. haematodes" from Seychelles, Mahe most likely refers to simillimus HNS .

Found in clearings and secondary growth throughout the IndoPacific. The records from the Seychelles clearly represent an introduction. O. simillimus HNS is not known from Madagascar and may have difficulty in establishing on Madagascar because of the presence of the morphologically and ecologically similar O. troglodytes HNS .

CO1. The average within species CO1 divergence for O. simillimus HNS was 3.212% with much variation between islands (Max 5.786, SE = 0.273). Importantly, although bivariate plots of worker measurements do not reliably separate O. simillimus HNS from the ecologically similar O. troglodytes HNS , the two species are, on average, 7-8% divergent within the CO1 barcode.

Diagnostic barcoding loci. O. simillimus HNS : C-265, T-267, T- 528.

Specimens examined for Odontomachus simillimus HNS :

Additional details are provided for the specimens from Seychelles.

INDONESIA : Irian Jaya , Maffin Bay ; PT. Freeport Concession, Siewa Camp ; PAPUA NEW GUINEA : Los Negros , Admiralty Islands ; Milne Bay , Morobe , Finschhafen , Biak Island ; PHILIPPINES : Leyte , Tacloban ; SEYCHELLES : Silhouette Island , Grande Barbe , 7/22-23/ 2000 , J.Gerlach ; Silhouette Island , Jardin Marron , 7/5/2000 , J.Gerlach ; SOLOMON ISLANDS : Kungana Bay , Rennell Island ; Guadalcanal , Tenaru River ; Kungana Bay , Rennell Island , Anuda Island ; NW end of Bellona Island ; Tevia Bay , Vanikoro Island , Santa Cruz Islands ; Mohawk Bay , Matema Island , Santa Cruz Islands , Pavuvu , Russell Island ; VANUATU : Espiritu Santo Island .

Figure 11. Odontomachus HNS spp. males full face, lateral view, and oblique lateral view of terminalia. A, B, and E, coquereli HNS CASENT0063858. C, D, and F, troglodytes HNS CASENT0096412. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001787.g011

Figure 12. Odontomachussimillimus HNS full face and lateral view. A- B, worker CASENT0172667. C-D, queen CASENT0172668. E-F, male CASENT0172666. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001787.g012

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权利人/作者No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Diagnosis of worker among Antkey species. Antenna 12-segmented. Clypeus with anterior margin flat to convex, but never forming a distinct triangle that projects anteriorly beyond the base of the mandibles. Posterior margin of head interrupted by median groove. Eyes medium to large (greater than 6 facets); situated distinctly below midline of head. Frontal lobes present. Mandibles linear; armed with apical fork; inserted towards the middle of the anterior head margin. Hind coxae lacking dorsal spine Waist 1-segmented. Petiole narrowly attached to gaster with conspicuous posterior face; upright and not appearing flattened; armed with apical spine. Gaster armed with sting; abdominal segment 4 lacking deep longitudinal furrows; distinct constriction between abdominal segments 3+4 or not visible between abdominal segments 3+4. Color brown to black, often with paler coxae and appendages.

Odontomachus is readily distinguished from most other genera with introduced or commonly intercepted species by its distinctive head shape and linear mandibles armed with an apical fork. Odontomachus can be easily confused with the generally smaller Anochetus, but can be separated by median groove that interrupts the posterior margin of the head. The only other introduced or commonly intercepted ponerine with long linear mandibles is Leptogenys falcigera, from which Odontomachus species can be separated by the mandibles which are inserted into the clypeus medially (versus laterally) and are armed with an apical fork, and also by the prominent apical spine on the petiole. Additional study is required to distinguish O. ruginodis from O. simillimus. The general sculpture, color, pilosity, head shape, petiole shape and even the metasternal process (Brown [1976]) are very similar. At this point the only way to distinguish them is by their respective ranges. 

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权利人/作者Eli Sarnat, Antkey
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Odontomachus ruginodis

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权利人/作者Eli Sarnat, Antkey
源http://antkey.org/node/32647

Not considered a significant pest species.

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权利人/作者Eli Sarnat, Antkey
源http://antkey.org/node/32647

Diagnosis of worker among Antkey species. Antenna 12-segmented. Clypeus with anterior margin flat to convex, but never forming a distinct triangle that projects anteriorly beyond the base of the mandibles. Posterior margin of head interrupted by median groove. Eyes medium to large (greater than 6 facets); situated distinctly below midline of head. Frontal lobes present. Mandibles linear; armed with apical fork; inserted towards the middle of the anterior head margin. Hind coxae lacking dorsal spine Waist 1-segmented. Petiole narrowly attached to gaster with conspicuous posterior face; upright and not appearing flattened; armed with apical spine. Gaster armed with sting; abdominal segment 4 lacking deep longitudinal furrows; distinct constriction between abdominal segments 3+4 or not visible between abdominal segments 3+4. Color brown to black, often with paler coxae and appendages.

Odontomachus is readily distinguished from most other genera with introduced or commonly intercepted species by its distinctive head shape and linear mandibles armed with an apical fork. Odontomachus can be easily confused with the generally smaller Anochetus, but can be separated by median groove that interrupts the posterior margin of the head. The only other introduced or commonly intercepted ponerine with long linear mandibles is Leptogenys falcigera, from which Odontomachus species can be separated by the mandibles which are inserted into the clypeus medially (versus laterally) and are armed with an apical fork, and also by the prominent apical spine on the petiole. Additional study is required to distinguish O. ruginodis from O. simillimus. The general sculpture, color, pilosity, head shape, petiole shape and even the metasternal process (Brown [1976]) are very similar. At this point the only way to distinguish them is by their respective ranges. 

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权利人/作者Eli Sarnat, Antkey
源http://antkey.org/node/32647

Taxonomic History:
Odontomachus simillimus Smith, 1858a PDF: 80, pl. 5, figs. 8, 9 (q.) FIJI IS. AntCat AntWiki

Taxonomic history

Mayr, 1867a PDF: 79 (w.); Karavaiev, 1925c PDF: 294 (m.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1980 PDF: 530 (l.); Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 67 (k.); Tjan, Imai, et al. 1986: 57 (k.).
Junior synonym of Odontomachus haematodus: Roger, 1861a PDF: 24; Mayr, 1865: 64; Emery, 1911e PDF: 114.
Revived from synonymy: Wilson, 1959c PDF: 499; Brown, 1976a: 106.
Senior synonym of Odontomachus fuscipennis: Wilson, 1959c PDF: 499; of Odontomachus breviceps, Odontomachus pallidicornis: Brown, 1976a: 106.
See also: Brown, 1976a: 165; Mayr and Odontomachus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). PLoS ONE 3(5): (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001787):e1787. [2008-05-28]">Fisher & Smith, 2008 PDF: 15; Sorger & Zettel, 2011 PDF: 158.
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权利人/作者AntWeb
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Distribution:

India

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权利人/作者AntWeb
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Taxonomic Treatment:

Smith, F.:
  Female. Length 4 1/2 lines.-Resembling O. haematodes, with the following differences: the mandibles more distinctly serrated, the sulcations on the sides of the face anteriorly, not so deeply impressed, or so smooth and shining, they also terminate before reaching the ocelli; the line running from the ocelli to the posterior margin of the vertex is not so deeply impressed; the most striking difference is to be found in the neuration of the wings; the discoidal cell is of a somewhat different form, and the externo-medial nervure is straight, and unites with the transverso-medial nervure at the basal angle of the discoidal cell; in other respects it scarcely differs from O. haematodes.
  Hab. Fidjee Islands; Ceylon.
  The difference pointed out in the neuration of the wings would appear to indicate a generic distinction; but an examination of a number of winged females shows a frequent approach to the neuration of the present species, and in specimens of the male of haematodes, taken with the female from the same nest, by Mr. Bates, the neuration is found to be identical with that of O. simillimus ; in the British Museum are two specimens from Ceylon which appear to be identical with the present species.
  Fisher, B. L., 2008:
  Figures: worker 12a,b, 13b; queen 12c,d; male 12e,f;
  Worker measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 10 from Madagascar: HL 2.33-2.63, HW (across vertex) 1.64- 2.03, HW (across upper eye margin) 1.77-2.06, CI 75-81, EL 0.20-0.23, ML 1.14-1.28, MI 48-51, SL 2.16-2.43, SI 109-123, WL 2.62-3.06. FL 2.29-2.56, PW 1.02-1.24.
  Queen measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 5 from Madagascar: HL 2.37-2.55, HW (across vertex) 1.79- 2.03, HW (across upper eye margin) 1.87-2.13, CI 79-84, EL 0.49-0.53, ML 1.17-1.30, MI 49-52, SL 2.15-2.38, SI 111-118, WL 3.13-3.19. FL 2.36-2.58.
  Male measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 1 from Madagascar: HL 0.89, HW 1.19, CI 133, EL 0.59, SL 0.19, SI 16, WL 2.44. FL 1.73.
  Worker diagnosis: Workers and males are very similar in morphology and size to troglodytes Bivariate plots of metric measurements did not distinguish the two species. Workers and queen have fine, glossy dorsal striation on head and mesosoma. Metasternal process low and rounded (Fig. 13b). Metasternal process can be viewed in mounted specimens by removing a hind leg and coxa. Brown [1] provides a description and additional references.
  Distribution and biology. Known though most of the literature as 'O. haematodes' (Linnaeus) 1758 which is a different species. Forel's [25:159] record of 'O. haematodes' from Seychelles, Mahe most likely refers to simillimus .
  Found in clearings and secondary growth throughout the IndoPacific. The records from the Seychelles clearly represent an introduction. O. simillimus is not known from Madagascar and may have difficulty in establishing on Madagascar because of the presence of the morphologically and ecologically similar O. troglodytes .
  CO1. The average within species CO1 divergence for O. simillimus was 3.212% with much variation between islands (Max 5.786, SE = 0.273). Importantly, although bivariate plots of worker measurements do not reliably separate O. simillimus from the ecologically similar O. troglodytes , the two species are, on average, 7-8% divergent within the CO1 barcode.
  Diagnostic barcoding loci. O. simillimus : C-265, T-267, T- 528.
  Specimens examined for Odontomachus simillimus :
  Additional details are provided for the specimens from Seychelles.
 INDONESIA : Irian Jaya , Maffin Bay ; PT. Freeport Concession, Siewa Camp ;PAPUA NEW GUINEA : Los Negros , Admiralty Islands ;Milne Bay , Morobe , Finschhafen , Biak Island ;PHILIPPINES : Leyte , Tacloban ;SEYCHELLES : Silhouette Island , Grande Barbe , 7/22-23/2000 , J.Gerlach ;Silhouette Island , Jardin Marron , 7/5/2000 , J.Gerlach ;SOLOMON ISLANDS : Kungana Bay , Rennell Island ;Guadalcanal , Tenaru River ;Kungana Bay , Rennell Island , Anuda Island ;NW end of Bellona Island ;Tevia Bay , Vanikoro Island , Santa Cruz Islands ;Mohawk Bay , Matema Island , Santa Cruz Islands , Pavuvu , Russell Island ;VANUATU : Espiritu Santo Island .
  Smith, F., 1859:
  Smith, Cat. Form, p. 80. 11 . Hab. Aru . Ceylon.
 

许可证http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0/
权利人/作者AntWeb
源http://www.antweb.org/description.do?genus=odontomachus&name=simillimus&rank=species
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith