The causes and consequences of ant invasions

*[Invasions by non-native ants are an ecologically destructive phenomenon affecting both continental & island ecosystems throughout the world. Invasive ants often become highly abundant intheir invaded range and can outnumber native ants. These numerical disparities underlie the competitive asymmetry between invasive ants and native ants, and result from a complex interplay of behavioral, ecological, & genetic factors. Reductions in the diversity & abundance of native ants resulting from ant invasions give rise to a variety of direct and indirect effects on non-ant taxa. Invasive ants compete with and prey upon a diversity of other organisms, including some vertebrates, and may enter into or disrupt mutualistic interactions with numerous plants and other insects. Paratrechina longicornis is labeled as an African species.]